Definition
Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.
UML class diagram
Participants
The classes and/or objects participating in this pattern are:
- AbstractFactory - declares an interface for operations that create abstract products
- ConcreteFactory - implements the operations to create concrete product objects
- AbstractProduct - declares an interface for a type of product object
- Product
implements the AbstractProduct interface
- Client - uses interfaces declared by AbstractFactory and AbstractProduct classes
Sample code in C#
///
/// MainApp startup class for Structural
/// Abstract Factory Design Pattern.
///
class MainApp
{
///
/// Entry point into console application.
///
public static void Main()
{
// Abstract factory #1
AbstractFactory factory1 = new ConcreteFactory1();
Client client1 = new Client(factory1);
client1.Run();
// Abstract factory #2
AbstractFactory factory2 = new ConcreteFactory2();
Client client2 = new Client(factory2);
client2.Run();
// Wait for user input
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
///
/// The 'AbstractFactory' abstract class
///
abstract class AbstractFactory
{
public abstract AbstractProductA CreateProductA();
public abstract AbstractProductB CreateProductB();
}
///
/// The 'ConcreteFactory1' class
///
public class ConcreteFactory1 : AbstractFactory
{
public override AbstractProductA CreateProductA()
{
return new ProductA1();
}
public override AbstractProductB CreateProductB()
{
return new ProductB1();
}
}
///
/// The 'ConcreteFactory2' class
///
public class ConcreteFactory2 : AbstractFactory
{
public override AbstractProductA CreateProductA()
{
return new ProductA2();
}
public override AbstractProductB CreateProductB()
{
return new ProductB2();
}
}
///
/// The 'AbstractProductA' abstract class
///
public abstract class AbstractProductA
{
}
///
/// The 'AbstractProductB' abstract class
///
public abstract class AbstractProductB
{
public abstract void Interact(AbstractProductA a);
}
///
/// The 'ProductA1' class
///
public class ProductA1 : AbstractProductA
{
}
///
/// The 'ProductB1' class
///
public class ProductB1 : AbstractProductB
{
public override void Interact(AbstractProductA a)
{
Console.WriteLine(this.GetType().Name +
" interacts with " + a.GetType().Name);
}
}
///
/// The 'ProductA2' class
///
public class ProductA2 : AbstractProductA
{
}
///
/// The 'ProductB2' class
///
public class ProductB2 : AbstractProductB
{
public override void Interact(AbstractProductA a)
{
Console.WriteLine(this.GetType().Name + " interacts with " + a.GetType().Name);
}
}
///
/// The 'Client' class. Interaction environment for the products.
///
public class Client
{
private AbstractProductA _abstractProductA;
private AbstractProductB _abstractProductB;
// Constructor
public Client(AbstractFactory factory)
{
_abstractProductB = factory.CreateProductB();
_abstractProductA = factory.CreateProductA();
}
public void Run()
{
_abstractProductB.Interact(_abstractProductA);
}
}
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